Piston Ring explained

Question

A piston ring is a small but essential component of an internal combustion engine, fitted around the piston inside the cylinder. It serves multiple critical functions for engine performance and efficiency.

Piston rings are metal rings that fit into grooves on the outer diameter of a piston. They provide a seal between the piston and the cylinder wall.

Main Functions

1. Sealing the Combustion Chamber

   • Prevents combustion gases from leaking into the crankcase.

2. Controlling Oil

   • Regulates the amount of lubricating oil between the piston and cylinder wall.

3. Heat Transfer

   • Helps transfer heat from the piston to the cylinder wall for cooling.

Types of Piston Rings

• Compression Rings: Seal the combustion gases at the top.

• Oil Control Rings: Control oil film and prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber.

Common Issues ⚠ 

• Worn piston rings can cause loss of compression, excessive oil consumption, and blue smoke from the exhaust.