Towing capacity is a crucial parameter that quantifies the maximum weight a vehicle can tow using a trailer, typically expressed in pounds or kilograms.
In certain countries, regulations necessitate the display of signs denoting the maximum trailer weight, and sometimes length, near the coupling device of trucks and buses. It's important to note that towing capacity may be reduced due to restrictions imposed by the vehicle's cooling system.
For cars and light trucks, towing is facilitated through a trailer hitch. In addition to the vehicle's inherent limits, the hitch assembly may impose its own set of constraints, including tongue weight (the downward force exerted on the hitch) and trailer weight (the total weight of the trailer and its contents). When the hitch is a factory-installed option, its capacity is typically documented in the vehicle specifications rather than being marked on the vehicle itself.
Towing capacity may be categorized into braked and unbraked towing capacity.
Braked Towing Capacity
Braked towing capacity pertains to the maximum weight a vehicle can tow when the trailer being pulled has its own braking system.
This system is typically linked to the vehicle's brake system via a trailer cable. Braked towing capacity generally exceeds unbraked towing capacity by a significant margin. The measurement of towing capacity may adhere to standards such as the SAE standard J2807.
Unbraked Towing Capacity
Unbraked towing capacity is the measure of a vehicle's ability to tow a trailer that lacks its own braking system. In this scenario, the vehicle must bear the responsibility for braking both itself and the trailer.
It is essential for vehicle operators to be aware of both braked and unbraked towing capacities to ensure safe and lawful towing practices.
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