The Land Rover Puma 2.2 engine, found in later models of the Defender (from 2012 to 2016), uses a high-pressure common rail diesel injection system rather than the older-style mechanical diesel injection pumps.
Here’s an overview:
Key Components of the Puma 2.2 Diesel Injection System:
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Common Rail System: The Puma 2.2 engine features a common rail injection system, where fuel is injected at very high pressure (around 1800 bar or higher). This system improves fuel atomization, combustion efficiency, and emissions.
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Fuel Injectors: Instead of a traditional mechanical pump, the engine uses electronically controlled fuel injectors that receive fuel from the common rail. These injectors control the precise timing and amount of fuel injected into each cylinder.
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High-Pressure Fuel Pump: Although the engine doesn’t use a traditional rotary mechanical diesel pump, it has a high-pressure pump that supplies fuel to the common rail. This pump is electronically controlled to ensure accurate fuel delivery based on engine load and speed. The pump on the Puma 2.2 is typically a Bosch CP4 high-pressure fuel pump.
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Electronic Control: The entire system is managed by the engine control unit (ECU), which regulates fuel delivery, injection timing, and pressure. This improves performance and reduces emissions compared to older diesel engines.
Troubleshooting or Maintenance Considerations:
- Injector Issues: Faulty injectors can lead to rough running, poor fuel economy, or power loss.
- High-Pressure Pump Failure: A failure in the high-pressure pump can result in a loss of fuel pressure, leading to the engine not starting or running poorly.
- Diagnostics: Most issues related to the fuel injection system in the Puma 2.2 can be diagnosed using an OBD-II scanner to check for error codes related to fuel pressure or injection problems.
The Puma 2.2’s modern common rail diesel injection system differs significantly from the older mechanical systems found in engines like the Land Rover 300Tdi. This makes the Puma 2.2 more efficient and cleaner in terms of emissions, but also requires more advanced diagnostics and maintenance.
