Bethlehem, a city in the West Bank of Palestine, is located approximately 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) to the south of Jerusalem. [Map location]
It serves as the capital of the Bethlehem Governorate and is home to a population of around 25,000 residents. The city's economy is predominantly driven by tourism, with international visitors flocking to Bethlehem, especially during the Christmas season when Christian pilgrims converge on the Church of the Nativity, revered as the birthplace of Jesus.
Additionally, the city is known for Rachel's Tomb, a significant biblical site, situated at its northern entrance. It's worth noting that movement within Bethlehem is constrained by the Israeli West Bank barrier, which has had a significant impact on the city's accessibility and daily life.
History:
Bethlehem boasts a rich historical heritage dating back thousands of years. It is prominently known as the birthplace of Jesus, making it a significant pilgrimage site for Christians worldwide. Bethlehem's history is marked by periods of Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, and Ottoman rule.
It has also been affected by various conflicts and political changes, particularly during the Israeli-Palestinian conflict of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Demography:
Bethlehem has a diverse population, with a significant Christian and Muslim presence. The demographics of the city have been subject to change due to historical events and political developments.
The latest available data may vary, but in the early 21st century, Bethlehem had a population of around 30,000 residents.
Economy:
Bethlehem's economy is heavily reliant on tourism, given its religious significance as the birthplace of Jesus Christ. Tourism drives the city's economic activity, including hotels, restaurants, and souvenir shops.
Additionally, some agricultural activities, such as olive and fruit farming, contribute to the local economy. However, economic challenges persist due to the political situation in the region.
Geography:
Located in the West Bank, Bethlehem is situated in the central part of the region. It is surrounded by hilly terrain and is part of the Judean Mountains.
The city's geography has played a role in shaping its history and accessibility, with its proximity to Jerusalem contributing to its importance.
Climate:
Bethlehem experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Summers are characterized by high temperatures, often exceeding 30°C (86°F), while winters are relatively mild but can be quite rainy.
The region can also experience occasional snowfall during the winter months, creating a unique atmosphere in the city.
Video
